Correlation between fractal characteristics of fault structures and metallogenic density in the Nanling area, South China

Abstract

As fault structures exert a significant effect on metallogenic processes and mineralization, their proper characterization can assist in the determination of target areas for exploration. In this study, we apply the fractal theory on the interpretation of remote sensing images of the Nanling area, South China, to determine the relationship between fault structures and regional mineralization. Our results show that the fractal dimension (D) of fault structures in the Nanling area is 1.72, which is much higher than the regional average (1.35) for southern China. This difference reflects a strong geological tectonic activity in this region. Besides, we find that well-developed faults have a complex spatial distribution, and therefore this region is characterized by favorable metallogenic conditions with good prospecting prospects. Our results indicate the presence of a close relationship between the fractal dimension (D) and the spatial distribution of mineral deposits. Specifically, a higher D value generally corresponds to a dense distribution of ore deposits. Finally, based on regional structural and metallogenic characteristics as well as spatial coupling relationships, two target mineralization areas are identified as potential candidates for further exploration.