Correlation between empowerment and mental state in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective To assess the status of empowerment and mental state of type 2 diabetes patients and investigate the relationship between empowerment and mental state. Methods With the method of simple random sampling, 1 512 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from 18 hospitals of class 1, grade 3 general in Hunan province were investigated from January 2016 to April 2016. Questionnaires including general information questionnaire, Diabetes Empowerment Scale-DAWN Short Form, Problem Area in Diabetes-5 and World Health Orgabization-5 well-being index were used to evaluate the ability of empowerment and mental state in patients with type 2 diabetes and explored their relationship. Enumeration data were described by frequency and percentage, and measurement data were described by statistics. Measurement data didn′t conform to normal distribution, and single factor analysis was conducted by nonparametric test. Bivariate correlation was used to analyze the correlation among T2DM patients′ empowerment, emotional disorders and medical support. Stratified multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of T2DM patients′ mental status. Results The mean score of empowerment ability, mood disorder, well-being for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was (53.20±16.40), (43.06±23.88) and (58.71±23.44), respectively. There were positive correlations between the empowerment ability and mood disorder in patients with T2DM (r=0.256), and the empowerment ability was negatively correlated with well-being (r=-0.078). Multivariate analysis showed that empowerment could independently predict 8.9% of emotional disorder variance (F=12.148, P<0.05) and 6.2% of happiness variance after controlling demographic confounding factors (F=5.182, P<0.05). Conclusions The higher the empowerment ability of patients with type 2 diabetes, the more serious their emotional disorders, and the less their happiness. In developing empowerment-based education and management programs for patients, attention should be paid to the scientific and effective of the methods, as well as to the changes in mental state of patients with type 2 diabetes. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Empowerment; Mood disorder; Well-being