Abstract
This study correlated the bond strength (BS) and dentin penetration of different sealers by push-out test and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) analysis. Forty-five root canals were prepared according to the crown-down technique and filled with gutta-percha associated to the following sealers (n=15): Endofill, AH Plus and MTA Fillapex. Five canals of each group were filled with the sealers added with 0.1% Rhodamine B dye. Next, the specimens were transversely sectioned and submitted to the push-out test (n=10) and CLSM analysis (n=5). The BS data showed the following means (MPa) and standard deviation: AH Plus (4.17±1.86); MTA Fillapex (3.13±1.96) and Endofill (2.10±1.03). Statistical analysis (two-way ANOVA, α=0.05) showed significant difference among sealers (p<0.001) and root canal thirds (p<0.001). The BS results of Endofill and MTA Fillapex were statistically similar (p>0.05), however, they were statistically different from AH Plus (p<0.001). The regional analysis of BS showed similarity between middle and apical thirds (p>0.05), and both were different from coronal portion (p<0.001). CLSM analysis verified tags formation in all groups and higher penetration of the specimens filled with AH Plus (p<0.05). The Kendall test (correlation between BS to dentin and sealer penetration into dentinal tubules) and the Pearson test (between failures pattern and sealer penetration into dentinal tubules) did not show correlation between the variables evaluated for all the tested sealers (p>0.05). AH Plus group had higher BS to dentin, and deeper tags formation than the other sealers. There was no significant correlation between BS and intratubular penetration of the tested sealers.
Highlights
The conclusion of the endodontic treatment requires a tridimensional filling of the root canal system with a non-irritating material (1)
Endofill and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Fillapex groups had the lowest values of bond strength
This study assessed the correlation between bond strength (BS) to dentin and depth of penetration of root canal sealers into dentinal tubules by push-out test and analysis of the adhesive interface by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM)
Summary
The conclusion of the endodontic treatment requires a tridimensional filling of the root canal system with a non-irritating material (1). Gutta-percha cones are the first choice as filling material due to their suitable physical, chemical and biological properties (2). This material is flexible and can be used with different techniques (2). Despite the different compositions of the root canal sealers, all of them are used for the same purpose, root canal filling (3). Such differences may affect the physical and mechanical properties and, the interaction of the sealers with dentin (3). Zinc oxide-based sealers are the most used for root canal filling, regardless their low resistance to compressive forces and the poor ability to penetrate the dentinal tubules (4). The interaction of mineral aggregate-based sealers with dentin results in a process called biomineralization (6)
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