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Abstract
Hypertension is one of the most commonly encountered problems in primary health care and a major risk factor for other lethal diseases. Obesity, another arising problem in developing and developed countries, is another major risk factor for metabolic disease. However, studies about both diseases and their intercorrelation in rural areas are still limited. Therefore, we conducted this study to investigate the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure in a rural area. This study was an observational, cross-sectional study performed in outpatients at Community Health Care of Ngronggot, a rural area in East Java for one month with inclusion criteria aged 18 years old, systole blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 and/or diastole blood pressure (DBP) ≥90, or a history of anti-hypertensive treatment. Information including age, gender, SBP, DBP, mean arterial pressure (MAP), body weight, and height was collected and calculated for its distribution and correlation using the Spearman rank-order correlation test. There were 201 subjects in this study, 65.7% of which were female, while 34.3% of which are male, and the median age was 59 years old. We also found that more than 60% of our participants were overweight and obese. The results of the Spearman test showed that BMI significantly correlated with SBP (p=0.029), DBP (p=0.016), and MAP (p=0.008). In conclusion, BMI had a positive correlation with blood pressure, and obesity was prevalent in our rural area population.
Highlights
Hypertension is one of the most common encountered problems in primary health care.[1]
The study was performed from September 15th to October 15th 2019 in outpatients at Community Health Care of Ngronggot, Nganjuk, East Java, Indonesia
Participants in this study were all hypertension patients that come to the outpatient clinic of this community health care aged > 18 years old with hypertension
Summary
Hypertension is one of the most common encountered problems in primary health care.[1] Its prevalence has reached about 1 billion worldwide while it is predicted that the number will get as high as 1.56 billion worldwide by 2025.2,3 Hypertension is already known as the main contributing factor to stroke and heart disease. Hypertension has yielded a mortality rate of 9.4 million per year worldwide.[3,4] this increasing prevalence could be treated and prevented by antihypertensive drugs, lifestyle modification and risk factor reduction. These approaches sometimes do not work because on the one hand, patients are apprehensive and incompliant on their therapy and its complication. Modifiable risk factors such as smoking, and obesity are often forgotten. 1,5
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