Correlation Between Blood Gas Indicators and Outcome of Status Epilepticus Patients in Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital 2019-2020

Abstract

Background: Status epilepticus (SE) is an emergency in which immediate and effective care is needed. Metabolic acidosis often occurs after SE. Peripheral vasoconstriction will enhance perfusion and adequacy of oxygenation to the most active metabolic organs which are the brain and muscles, so hypoventilation and hypoxia will occur. Aim: This study aims to present the general description of SE patients in Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital and to analyze the correlation between blood gas indicators and SE patient outcomes. Method: This is a cross-sectional study of SE patients that were admitted at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 with a consecutive sampling method. The patient’s data were acquired from the medical record and the hospital’s information system. Statistical tests were done by the SPSS program. Results: Hundred eight SE patients are enrolled in this study. The types of seizure are focal seizure (N=55) and general seizure (N=53). There are 51 (47.2%) patients who survived and 57 (52.8%) patients who died during medical care. Thirty-four patients needed intensive care. The duration of care is between 2 to 37 days. Factors related to mortality are comorbidity (p=0.00), renal failure (p=0.05), pneumonia (p=0.00), sepsis (p=0.00), intensive care (p=0.01), longer duration of care (p=0.008), and blood gas analysis abnormality (p=0.011) with 2.7 OR. Conclusion: Blood gas analysis is correlated with worse outcomes in patients with SE. Keywords: blood gas, status epilepticus, outcome