Abstract
BackgroundPreviously, we found a significant relationship in a rat study between energy intake and bile acid (BA) metabolism especially 12α-hydroxylated (12αOH) BAs. The present study was designed to reveal relationships among BA metabolism, glucose tolerance, and cecal organic acids in rats fed a high-fat and high-sucrose diet (HFS) by using multivariate and multiple regression analyses in two types of glucose tolerance tests (GTTs).MethodsMale WKAH/HkmSlc rats were fed with a control or a HFS for 13 weeks. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) were performed at week 9 and 11, respectively. BAs were analyzed by using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Organic acid concentrations in cecal contents were analyzed by using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography with post-column pH buffered electric conductivity method.ResultsA positive correlation of aortic 12αOH BA concentration was observed with energy intake and visceral adipose tissue weight. We found that an increase of 12αOH BAs in enterohepatic circulation, intestinal contents and feces in the HFS-fed rats compared to those in control rats regardless of no significant increase of total BA concentration in the feces in the test period. Fecal 12αOH BA concentration was positively correlated with maximal insulin level in OGTT and area under curve of insulin in IPGTT. There was a positive correlation between aortic 12αOH BAs concentration and changes in plasma glucose level in both OGTT and IPGTT. In contrast, a decrease in the concentration of organic acids was observed in the cecal contents of the HFS-fed rats. Multiple linear regression analysis in the IPGTT revealed that the concentrations of aortic 12αOH BA and cecal acetic acid were the predictors of insulin secretion. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between concentration of portal 12αOH BAs and change in insulin concentration of peripheral blood in the IPGTT.ConclusionThe distribution analysis of BA compositions accompanied by GTTs revealed a close relationship between 12αOH BA metabolism and insulin secretion in GTTs in rats.
Highlights
We found a significant relationship in a rat study between energy intake and bile acid (BA) metabolism especially 12α-hydroxylated (12αOH) BAs
Some behavioral factors including harmful use of alcohol, smoking tobacco, physical inactivity and unhealthy diet participate in development of Noncommunicable disease (NCD) [1], which suggest that dietary intervention is available to prevent NCDs
Total energy intake was significantly higher in the High-fat and high-sucrose (HFS)-fed rats than in C
Summary
We found a significant relationship in a rat study between energy intake and bile acid (BA) metabolism especially 12α-hydroxylated (12αOH) BAs. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) includes cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer and chronic respiratory diseases [1]. Such NCDs are leading cause of death worldwide and the prevalence of NCDs is being increased [2]. Since absorbed BAs in enterocytes are released into portal blood and incorporated in hepatocytes, BA concentration is considered to be higher in portal blood than in systemic blood. Those suggest BAs as a marker of energy intake in the body especially for organs related with enterohepatic circulation. Such alteration of BAs in an excess energy retention can be detected in feces and blood
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