Abstract
A new approach to the use and implementation of Optical Flow technique is presented. The technique extracts features from presented images as a function of reference image and produces percentage of matching between the reference and tested images. The new approach in using Optical Flow lies in replacing the motion part of the algorithm with differential time related changes in an infrared thermal image sequence with frames of images taken as a result of applying the Pulse Video Thermography (PVT) technique. The sequence of images or frames is obtained for the tested structures of composites before and after impact damage. The resulted data of the tested images is used to establish mathematical model that can be used to predict impact energy from collected features or predict expected features from knowing impact damage level. To optimize the mathematical model, a new way of using Neural Networks is employed, which aims at obtaining a best fit for the used variables in the mathematical model, hence resulting in a better testing interpretation and more accurate prediction and classification of image features to improve future composite structures designs. The Neural Network Weigh Elimination Algorithm (WEA) is used and proved effective in predicting areas of damage.
Highlights
Composite materials are a function of their internal structures, which is optimized to obtain desired mechanical properties
It is important to be able to control the manufacturing and to inspect the materials for their structural arrangements of fibres, matrix and defects which most often have a detrimental effect on the composite properties and contributes to the readiness of a manufactured structure to be damaged
Composite structural testing helps to ensure that materials enter service in a functional condition
Summary
Composite materials are a function of their internal structures, which is optimized to obtain desired mechanical properties The fibres on their own are generally of little practical use but with a welldesigned combination of fibres and matrix a reliable component with good performance is produced and vitally used in demanding environments such as vehicles, airplanes and space craft industries. The basic contributions to the effectiveness and reliability of testing comes from the nature of the structure itself, the environment in which the structure is expected to operate and the kinds of defects expected to occur. From this information it is possible to estimate the damage type and level, which might lead to failure.
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