Abstract
The research philosophy and new capabilities installed at NSLS beamline X26-C to support electronic absorption and Raman spectroscopies coupled with X-ray diffraction are reviewed. This beamline is dedicated full time to multidisciplinary studies with goals that include revealing the relationship between the electronic and atomic structures in macromolecules. The beamline instrumentation has been fully integrated such that optical absorption spectra and X-ray diffraction images are interlaced. Therefore, optical changes induced by X-ray exposure can be correlated with X-ray diffraction data collection. The installation of Raman spectroscopy into the beamline is also briefly reviewed. Data are now routinely generated almost simultaneously from three complementary types of experiments from the same sample. The beamline is available now to the NSLS general user population.
Highlights
Macromolecular crystallography (MX) is the dominant technique used by structural biologists worldwide
Almost 70000 X-ray crystal structures have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) since Kendrew first deposited the structure of sperm-whale myoglobin
Beamline X26-C is dedicated to correlated spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction studies
Summary
Macromolecular crystallography (MX) is the dominant technique used by structural biologists worldwide. More recent examples include the cryobench and SNBL installations at the ESRF (McGeehan et al, 2009; Carpentier et al, 2007; Royant et al, 2007; Røhr et al, 2010) and similar efforts at the SLS (Owen et al, 2009), at the APS (Pearson et al, 2007; De la Mora-Rey & Wilmot, 2007) and at the SSRL (Meharenna et al, 2010) These types of instruments, at the beamline as well as off-line as in the cryobench set-up at the ESRF, have proved to be pivotal in correlating crystal structures to ‘radiation damage’ (Garman, 2010), or to trap intermediates with characteristic spectroscopic signals for reactive species (reviewed by Pearson & Owen, 2009; Beitlich et al, 2007; Bourgeois & Royant, 2005; De la Mora-Rey & Wilmot, 2007; Hajdu et al, 2000). This will include polarized optical absorption spectroscopy for detailed anisotropic spectroscopy measurements
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