Abstract

Objetivo:Correlacionar a força vertical de reação do solo e da velocidade angular do joelho de jovens e idosas durante descida de escada.Métodos:A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos: Grupo Idosas (GI; n=10) e Grupo Jovens (GJ; n=16). Foi utilizada uma escada de teste composta por sete degraus, onde uma plataforma de força estava acoplada ao quarto degrau para aquisição dos dados cinéticos e determinação do momento de contato do pé com o degrau; também foi usado um sistema de cinemetria tridimensional, com quatro câmeras infravermelhas. As voluntárias desceram os degraus de forma contínua, com velocidade e ritmo autosselecionados. Para comparação dos dados, foi utilizado o teste t Student para amostras independentes e para a correlação das variáveis, o teste de correlação de Pearson, adotando nível de significância α=0,05.Resultados:Os resultados mostraram diferença significativa para a média dos picos das velocidades angulares do joelho, com o GJ apresentando maior pico (240,7±10,5 g/s) comparado ao GI (186,4±13,2 g/s). Em relação ao pico de força vertical (Fz), o GJ obteve maior magnitude de força (1,39±0,03) comparado ao GI (1,15±0,02), apresentando diferença significativa (p=0,00). Os resultados apontaram ainda uma correlação positiva entre as variáveis (r=0,4).Conclusão:Os resultados indicam que idosas apresentam menor velocidade angular de joelho e menor força vertical durante descida de escadas comparadas a jovens, e que há correlação entre as variáveis.

Highlights

  • During the aging process a series of morphological changes occurs, among which is the decline of the musculoskeletal system, which results in a loss of both force and muscle mass, whether by atrophy or by a reduction in the number of muscle fibers.[1,2] This process is specific to each individual, and to each muscle group.[3]

  • The position of the knee joint position was more flexed at the time peak angular velocity was reached during stair descent in the Elderly Group (EG) than in the Young Group (YG) (Table 2)

  • With respect to peak vertical ground reaction force, literature provides evidence contrary to the results found in the present study, reporting that increased age does not affect the magnitude of ground reaction forces (GRF) exercised during stair descent

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Summary

Introduction

During the aging process a series of morphological changes occurs, among which is the decline of the musculoskeletal system, which results in a loss of both force and muscle mass, whether by atrophy or by a reduction in the number of muscle fibers.[1,2] This process is specific to each individual, and to each muscle group.[3] This loss, in the lower limbs, especially effects walking, which in turn limits the functionality of the elderly individual.[4]. Locomotion is one of the actions most frequently performed by humans throughout their life cycle. The human musculoskeletal system is challenged to travel across different types and levels of terrain.[5,6] For the elderly, moving from one floor to another is one of the greatest challenges encountered during locomotion, involving as it does the ascent and descent of stairs, which is described as one of the five most difficult tasks performed in old age.[7,8]

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