Correlación entre el estado nutricional materno y la ganancia de peso gestacional con macrosomía fetal en el hospital Uldarico Rocca 2014

Abstract

Birth weight influences the future life of the newborn. The fetal malnutrition (excess or deficit) can influence the development of chronic diseases during their lifetime as has been evidenced in several studies. Maternal nutritional status and gestational weight gain may influence the weight of newborn leading some alterations as macrosomia and negative consequences for adult life. The present study aims to establish the correlation between maternal nutritional status and gestational weight gain with fetal macrosomia in Uldarico Rocca hospital from Villa El Salvador 2014. Material and Methods: The study is retrospective, transversal, descriptive and applied. The design is observational. Data from obstetric medical records of the mothers was collected. Pearson bivariate correlation test and bivariate logistic regression analysis was used. Results: 190 postpartum women and their newborns were included in the study. 50% of newborns (n=95) had birth weight equal o > 4kg. (macrosomic) 54% of mothers (n= 102) were overweight or obese in early pregnancy while 57% (n= 108) earn above gestational weight recommended by pre gestational nutritional status. Significant positive correlation between gestational weight gain and birth weight (p <0.05) was observed. Conclusions: There is significant positive correlation between gestational weight gain and birth weight. No significant positive correlation was found between pre gestational BMI and birth weight. Review and / or preparation of nutritional care protocols to pregnant women are recommended, ensuring their access to personalized and specialized care by trained professionals and trained for this purpose.