Correction to: Evaluation of host plant suitability and efficacy of chemical and biological insecticides and insect nets for controlling Liothrips wasabiae (Thysanoptera:Phlaeothripidae)

Abstract

Liothrips wasabiae Haga & Okajima (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) is an important pest insect infesting wasabi (Eutrema japonicum syn. Wasabia japonica) but effective control methods are still missing. Therefore, we investigated the host range of L. wasabiae and the efficacy of chemical and biological insecticides and a physical control method (insect nets) against it. Adult thrips could not pass through nets of 0.3-mm mesh but could pass through nets of 0.4-mm mesh. The lifespan of adults reared on leaf mustard (Brassica juncea), rocket (Eruca vesicaria), and daikon (Raphanus sativus) was significantly longer compared with that of adults reared on water only (control). In host plants where feeding was longer, adult lifespan tended to be longer. The insecticides dinotefuran, nitenpyram, ethiprole, and Beauveria bassiana emulsifiable concentrate resulted in high mortality of L. wasabiae. By contrast, the mortality of B. bassiana wettable powder and pymetrozine was relatively low. Our results revealed the optimal mesh size of insect nets for suppressing invasion, the suitable hosts for long-term survival, and the efficacy of insecticides for controlling L. wasabiae. These results contribute to the development of methods to restrict the expansion and to manage the population density of L. wasabiae.