Correction of Ocular Shape in Retinal Optical Coherence Tomography and Effect on Current Clinical Measures

Abstract

To address the misrepresentation of the eye in retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) images and to examine the effect of this misrepresentation on retinal thickness measurements. Prospective case series. Five subjects with recent orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and normal eye examinations were consented from the clinics of the Duke Eye Center. Each subject had both eyes imaged using a retinal spectral-domain OCT system and ocular biometry measured. Two types of individualized optical models of the subject eyes-numerical and analytical-were used to determine the spatial paths of the OCT A-scans. These paths were used to reorient the A-scans in the associated retinal OCT images and generate corrected images. Using curvature as a general measure of shape, the radii of curvature of the retinal pigment epithelium in the original and corrected OCT images were compared to the ocular radii of curvature in the MRI images. Differences between the retinal thickness maps derived from the original and corrected OCT images were then determined. The retinal curvatures were substantially flatter in the original OCT than in the MRI images (mean paired difference: 52.8 ± 41.8 mm, P < .001). Correcting the OCT images decreased the paired differences between OCT and MRI (numerical: 1.6 ± 2.3 mm, P = .091; analytical: 1.9 ± 4.3 mm, P = .278). Retinal thickness measurements between the corrected and uncorrected images differed, with a root mean square difference of 5.61 μm over the entire 6-mm extent of the image; this difference was greater peripherally (6.02 μm) than centrally (2.54 μm). Optically based algorithms can be used to correct the shape of the retina as represented in OCT; this correction makes OCT more consistent with other clinical imaging techniques. Resultant retinal thickness maps were minimally affected by the change in shape. Ocular shape correction should be considered in future development of posterior segment OCT-based morphologic measurements.