Abstract
Several antipsychotics and antidepressants have been associated with electrocardiogram alterations, the most clinically relevant of which is the heart rate-corrected QT interval (QT<sub>c</sub>) prolongation, a risk factor for sudden cardiac death. Genetic variants influence drug-induced QT<sub>c</sub> prolongation and can provide valuable information for precision medicine. The effect of genetic variants on QT<sub>c</sub> prolongation as well as the possible interaction between polymorphisms and risk medications in determining QT<sub>c</sub> prolongation were investigated. Medications were classified according to their known risk of inducing QT<sub>c</sub> prolongation (high-to-moderate, low, and no risk). QT<sub>c</sub> duration and risk of QT<sub>c</sub> > median value were investigated in a sample of 77 patients with mood or psychotic disorders being treated with antidepressants and antipsychotics, and who had at least 1 ECG recording. A secondary analysis considered QT<sub>c</sub> percentage change in patients (n = 25) with 2 ECG recordings. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms previously associated with QT<sub>c</sub> prolongation during treatment with psychotropic medications were investigated. No association survived after multiple-testing correction. The best results for modulation of QT<sub>c</sub> duration were identified for rs10808071 (the ABCB1 gene, nominal p = 0.007) when at least 1 medication with a moderate-to-high risk was prescribed, and for rs12029454 (the NOS1AP gene) in patients taking at least 1 medication with a cardiovascular risk (nominal p = 0.008). In the secondary analysis, rs2072413 (the KCNH2 gene) was the top finding for the modulation of QT<sub>c</sub> percentage change (nominal p = 0.001) when 1 drug with a moderate-to-high risk was added compared to baseline. Despite the limited power of this study, our results suggest that ABCB1, NOS1AP, and KCNH2 may play a role in QT<sub>c</sub> duration/prolongation during treatment with psychotropic drugs.
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