CORPORATIVISM IN THE 1920s-1930s IN POLITICS AND ECONOMY IN THE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT

Abstract

Based on the analysis of the main aspects of the development of corporatism, economic and political theory, the application of economic practice in order to use it in the development of the country's economy is studied. It is worth noting that to date there is little research on this issue, and isolated studies do not fully reflect the impact of corporatism on the history of Italy, Spain, Portugal and the world.
 In 2021, it was 130 years since corporatism appeared. It is time to consider the main stages of its formation as one of the greatest economic doctrines of the XX century, its impact on modern economics. In the modern period of development of the world economy, rich in new factors of instability, the intellectual heritage of corporatism allows researchers to apply its characteristics to understand the crisis in the economy. The article argues that corporatism can be the engine of the modern economy, as it creates a balance between the working class and entrepreneurs. The article presents assessments of the study of corporatism by authors and scholars with different views. Implemented corporatist ideas led to the emergence of new institutions in accordance with the coordination of interests, which coordinated the actions of economic agents, facilitated the resolution of conflicts, regulated internal corporate relations, provided monopoly conditions for professional activity. The formed model of corporatism did not assume the autonomy of corporations. It led only to some temporary strengthening of the state in economic and socio-political life. The state retained control, control over corporations, turning them into bureaucratic structures. The experience of creating "corporate" states in a number of European countries was far from real corporate ideas. Authoritarian regimes were not ready to create truly corporate structures. The inefficiency of the created corporations was that the new government did not dare to carry out radical changes, such as the establishment of effective state control over them.