Abstract
The issue of climate change has been a significant concern globally both in the developed and developing economies. This study aims to uncover the quality of carbon information disclosed in a developing country i.e. Malaysia. A content analysis of the annual and sustainability reports of Top 100 companies in environmentally-sensitive industries in Malaysia over a two-year period in 2011 and 2014 was undertaken. The results revealed that the quality of carbon information provided by companies improved over the two-year period and the changes were significant. The companies were also beginning to translate quantitative details into monetary amounts. The dimension Carbon reduction and costs had the highest mean score for both years. The findings revealed that the construction industry had the lowest mean score for all dimensions in both years and this finding is a concern as activities of the construction industry are generally known to have numerous effects on the environment. The findings from the study revealed that companies are taking the initiatives to set carbon reduction targets to be achieved in the future, hence, a signal of enhanced corporate environmental accountability. Nevertheless, the overall low disclosure of carbon information may require the intervention from stakeholders to improve the quality of the report.
Highlights
The measurement for this study was adopted from the study conducted by Zulkefli et al (2016b) that consist of training and development (11 items), recruitment and selection (10 items), internal control policy (8 items)
The measurement for corruption risk adapted from OECD and U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre (2015) that consists of 10 items
The results show that all the four constructs, which are training and development, recruitment and selection, internal control policies, and corruption risk are all valid measures of their respective constructs based on their parameter estimates and statistical significance (Chow and Chan, 2008)
Summary
Development of country leads to large infrastructure construction projects along with complexities and uncertainties (Guo et al, 2014). As such the risks of corruptions and misconducts are more prevalent. According to the president of International Transparency (TI) Malaysia, training and development, recruitment and selection, and internal control policies are the factors that will lead and improve the corruption risks in Malaysia (Akhbar, 2015). The success of the organization and human management, depends on the effectiveness of human resource practices such as the effectiveness of training and development programs, good recruitment and selection structures and processes and the effectiveness of internal controls
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