Abstract
Long-term care facilities (LTCFs) and their populations have been greatly affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this review, we summarize the literature to describe the current epidemiology of COVID-19 in LTCFs, clinical presentations and outcomes in the LTCF population with COVID-19, containment interventions, and the role of healthcare workers in SARS-CoV-2 transmission in these facilities.
Highlights
EpidemiologyThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) virus was first identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and has since spread widely across the globe; the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a global pandemic in March of this year.[1,2] As more patients became ill with the disease, clinicians recognized that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disproportionately affects the elderly, in particular long-term care facility (LTCF) residents.[3,4] As of July 30, 2020, there have been 4,339,997 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 148,866 associated fatalities in the United States.[5]
LTCF residents only make up 3.5% of all COVID-19 cases, this population has contributed to 64.9% of total mortalities due to COVID-19.6 A similar situation is occurring in other countries.[7,8]
We have synthesized the epidemiology of COVID-19 in LTCFs, clinical presentations and outcomes in this population, containment interventions, and the role of LTCF healthcare workers in SARS-CoV-2 transmission
Summary
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) virus was first identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and has since spread widely across the globe; the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a global pandemic in March of this year.[1,2] As more patients became ill with the disease, clinicians recognized that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disproportionately affects the elderly, in particular long-term care facility (LTCF) residents.[3,4] As of July 30, 2020, there have been 4,339,997 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 148,866 associated fatalities in the United States.[5] LTCF residents only make up 3.5% of all COVID-19 cases, this population has contributed to 64.9% of total mortalities due to COVID-19.6 A similar situation is occurring in other countries.[7,8] In this review, we have synthesized the epidemiology of COVID-19 in LTCFs, clinical presentations and outcomes in this population, containment interventions, and the role of LTCF healthcare workers in SARS-CoV-2 transmission
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