Abstract
Objectives: According to the recent studies, it is seen that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is associated with many bacterial and fungal infections. In case of COVID-19 patients, diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) are the prime risk factors and during the course of treatment, patients develop secondary fungal infections like mucormycosis. We conducted a systemic review of the present scenario and tried to evaluate the association of mucormycosis with COVID-19. Methods: We searched articles related to the COVID-19 associated mucormycosis, in PubMed, IndMed, and Cochrane Library. We conducted a meta-analysis on the basis of systemically reviewed all articles which reported COVID-19 associated with mucormycosis. We analyzed comorbidity, treatment, and outcome of patients in association with COVID-19 and mucormycosis. Results: We found a total of 196 articles based on mucormycosis, out of which only 25 were selected on the basis of our inclusion and exclusion criteria. 71 cases were found and most of the cases were from India and USA. We also found that it was more prevalent among male patients and patients with DM, and in association with HTN. Conclusion: It is seen from the studies that patients already suffering from DM and HTN when infected with coronavirus are most likely to develop mucormycosis. Treatment of latent DM, prediabetic patients, conversely, that efforts to diagnose, detect, and treat DM may have a beneficial influence in the treatment of secondary fungal infections like mucormycosis. Finding out all the cases of DM and treatment of DM can carry out an advantageous effect in all patients suffering from COVID-19.
Highlights
The pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread vastly on a global scale [1,2]
In India, there was most of cases were found (n=48) (67.60%), in USA (n=12) cases were found (16.90%), in Iran four cases were found (n=4) (5.63%), in Italy, France, Austria, Saudi Arabia, Mexico, turkey, and brazil each country found one case of COVID 19 associated with mucormycosis
We found consistent evidence for an increased risk of mucormycosis associated with COVID-19 among people with diabetes despite heterogeneity in study design, geographic area, underlying burden of mucormycosis, assessment of exposure and outcome, and control of potential confounders
Summary
The pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread vastly on a global scale [1,2]. Severe complication of coronavirus disease with secondary infection with fungus is very dangerous and life threatening to patients. This is the black fungus disease that is known as mucormycosis. Mucormycosis is known as Zygomycosis and it’s called black fungus disease [8]. It’s a serious fungal infection disease which is a secondary complication of coronavirus disease. It mostly infects sinuses, brain causing headache, epistaxis, fever, etc. Patient who is already suffering from diabetes, blood disorders, AIDS, or has history long-term use of steroids are prone to be affected with secondary infection of mucormycosis [10]
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