Abstract
Background: To prioritize the development of antiviral compounds, it is necessary to compare their relative preclinical activity and clinical efficacy. Methods: We reviewed in vitro, animal model, and clinical studies of candidate anti-coronavirus compounds and placed extracted data in an online relational database. Results: As of August 2020, the Coronavirus Antiviral Research Database (CoV-RDB; covdb.stanford.edu) contained over 2800 cell culture, entry assay, and biochemical experiments, 259 animal model studies, and 73 clinical studies from over 400 published papers. SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV account for 85% of the data. Approximately 75% of experiments involved compounds with known or likely mechanisms of action, including monoclonal antibodies and receptor binding inhibitors (21%), viral protease inhibitors (17%), miscellaneous host-acting inhibitors (10%), polymerase inhibitors (9%), interferons (7%), fusion inhibitors (5%), and host protease inhibitors (5%). Of 975 compounds with known or likely mechanism, 135 (14%) are licensed in the U.S. for other indications, 197 (20%) are licensed outside the U.S. or are in human trials, and 595 (61%) are pre-clinical investigational compounds. Conclusion: CoV-RDB facilitates comparisons between different candidate antiviral compounds, thereby helping scientists, clinical investigators, public health officials, and funding agencies prioritize the most promising compounds and repurposed drugs for further development.
Highlights
The Coronavirus Antiviral Research Database (CoV-RDB) is designed to promote uniform reporting of experimental results; to facilitate comparisons between different candidate antiviral compounds; and to help scientists, clinical investigators, public health officials, and funding agencies prioritize the most promising compounds and repurposed drugs for further development
The virus strain is a virus construct composed of a virus that does not require a Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) laboratory, such as vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) or human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), into which the coronavirus spike (S) gene has been cloned
The biochemical target is usually one of the virus enzymes including RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP), main protease, papain-like protease (PLpro ), and helicase
Summary
The Coronavirus Antiviral Research Database (CoV-RDB) is designed to promote uniform reporting of experimental results; to facilitate comparisons between different candidate antiviral compounds; and to help scientists, clinical investigators, public health officials, and funding agencies prioritize the most promising compounds and repurposed drugs for further development. CoV-RDB contains four main types of antiviral experimental data, six main lookup/explanation. CoV-RDB data contains four(i)main types ofand antiviral experimental data, (ii) six biochemical main lookup/explanation experimental include cell culture entry assay experiments; experiments; tables, and a registry of ongoing or planned clinical trials. The four main types of antiviral experimental (iii) animal model studies; and (iv) clinical studies. The six main lookup/explanation tables provide data include (i) culture and entry assay experiments;. (ii) biochemical experiments; animal information oncell viruses, virus strains/isolates, tested compounds, compound targets, cell (iii) types, and model studies; and (iv) clinical studies. The six main lookup/explanation tables provide information animal models. As of 14 August 2020, the CoV-RDB contains data from than 1800experiments, virus cell culture experiments, and 71 clinical from experiments, more than 310259 peer-reviewed publications andand. Preprints that using are subsequently in aparses peer-reviewed downloaded from the Stephen
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