Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a coronavirus. Coronaviruses are a group of enveloped viruses with nonsegmented, single-stranded, and positive-sense RNA genomes. Apart from infecting a variety of economically important vertebrates (such as pigs and chickens), six coronaviruses have been known to infect human hosts and cause respiratory diseases. Among them, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) are zoonotic and highly pathogenic coronaviruses that have resulted in regional and global outbreaks Coronaviruses possess a distinctive morphology, the name being derived from the outer fringe, or corona‖ of embedded envelope protein. Members of the family Coronaviridae cause a broad spectrum of animal and human diseases. Uniquely, replication of the RNA genome proceeds through the generation of a nested set of viral mRNA molecules. Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly pathogenic HCoVs: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Replication of HCoV is regulated by a diversity of host factors and induces drastic alterations in cellular structure and physiology. In this review all (as we possible) information about Corona viruses are given.
 Keywords: Corona virus, respiratory, viruses, Hcov, host, RNA.
Highlights
In early 2020, after a December 2019 outbreak in China, the World Health Organization identified severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 as a new type of coronavirus
Many details of the emergence of this virus such as its origin and its ability to spread among humans remain unknown, an increasing number of cases appear to have resulted from human-to-human transmission
Given the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARSCoV) outbreak in 2002 and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak in 2012, 2019-nCoV is the third coronavirus to emerge in the human population in the past two decades an emergence that has put global public health institutions on high alert
Summary
In early 2020, after a December 2019 outbreak in China, the World Health Organization identified SARS-CoV-2 as a new type of coronavirus. The name refers to the unique appearance of the virus under an electron microscope as round particles with a rim of projections resembling the solar corona They are enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses which were first isolated from humans in 1965 Coronaviruses make up a large family of viruses that can infect birds and mammals, including humans, according to world health organisation (WHO). COVID-19 In 2019, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) started monitoring the outbreak of a new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, which causes the respiratory illness known as COVID-19. It can lead to severe illness and may be fatal
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