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Abstract
Coronatine (COR), a structural and functional mimic of jasmonates, is involved in a wide array of effects on plant development and defense response. The present study aims to investigate the role of COR, in counteracting drought stress by modulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, water balance, and antioxidant regulation in detached maize plants. Our results showed that COR can markedly decrease the water loss rate, but the antioxidants diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI) and dimethylthiourea (DMTU) eliminate the effect of water loss induced by COR. Using the dye 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (H2DCF-DA) loaded in the maize epidermis guard cells, it is observed that COR could increase ROS production, and then antioxidants DPI and DMTU decreased ROS production induced by COR. In addition, the expression of ZmRBOHs genes, which were associated with ROS generation was increased by COR in levels and ZmRBOHC was highly expressed in the epidermis guard cells. Moreover, COR-treated plants increased H2O2 and O2−· accumulation, antioxidant enzyme activities in control plants, while COR relieved the ROS accumulation and antioxidant enzyme activities under PEG treatment. These results indicated that COR could improve maize performance under drought stress by modulating ROS homeostasis to maintain water loss rate and antioxidant enzyme activities.
Highlights
The frequency and duration of extreme weather events are increasing as a result of global climate change, which declines crop yields and enhances worldwide yield variability for threatening food security [1]
Several studies have demonstrated that exogenous chemical-induced priming can enhance drought tolerance in plant, such as osmopriming in cotton [19] hydrogen sulfide priming in wheat [20], abscisic acid priming in Arabidopsis [21], nitric oxide priming in rice [22], and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) seed priming in Cakile maritima [23]
COR-primed plants showed lower water loss in comparison to the control in detached maize seedlings, which indicated that COR had higher intracellular water-holding capacity compared to the control in detached seedlings subjected to drought stress
Summary
The frequency and duration of extreme weather events are increasing as a result of global climate change, which declines crop yields and enhances worldwide yield variability for threatening food security [1]. Drought stress is widely recognized as the most abiotic stress limiting crop productivity, and one of the major problems of future climate change [2,3]. Drought stress can disorder plant tissue water status, decline photosynthetic efficiency and assimilate allocation, and repress nutrients uptake and translocation, which leads to growth retardation and low productivity [6]. Plants have evolved and developed sophisticated strategies to deal with drought stress, and various strategies are achieved to improve drought tolerance in crop production [11,12]. Several studies have demonstrated that exogenous chemical-induced priming can enhance drought tolerance in plant, such as osmopriming (mannitol or PEG) in cotton [19] hydrogen sulfide priming in wheat [20], abscisic acid priming in Arabidopsis [21], nitric oxide priming in rice [22], and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) seed priming in Cakile maritima [23]
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