CORONARY ARTERY ECTASIA;

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is well-recognized but relativelyuncommon finding during diagnostic coronary angiography. Coronary artery ectasia is definedas a segment of coronary artery that is 1.5 times more dilated in diameter than the nearbysegments. Its clinical presentations are unstable angina, coronary vasospasm, and acutemyocardial infarction. Objectives: To determine the clinical characteristics, presentation andtreatment in patients with documented coronary artery ectasia in a single Cardiac Centreat Faisalabad City Pakistan. Study Design: Retrospective descriptive study. Materials andMethods: This was a single center retrospective, descriptive study. Patients of either genderwith age 21-70 years who had coronary angiography at Faisalabad Institute of CardiologyFaisalabad were included in the study. Coronary angiograms performed from April 2013 toDecember 2016 were reviewed. Patients fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled.Clinical and angiographic profiles of the patients having coronary ectasia were retrievedfrom hospital record. Clinical profile included: age, gender and cardiovascular risk factors.Angiographic profile; prevalence of coronary ectasia, type of ectasia, associated obstructivedisease and coronary vessel involved were noted. Results: Total 22235 patients under wentcoronary angiography from April 2013 to December 2016 at Faisalabad Institute of CardiologyFaisalabad. Out of 22235, 16913(76%) were male and 5322(24%) were female. Coronary arteryectasia (CAE) was observed in 1044(4.7%). Out of 1044, 931(89%) were male and 113(10.9%)were female patients. Mean age of study population was 49.5 ± 11.8 years. 368(31.97%) patientswith CAE were in age group of 51-60 years followed by age group 41-50 years. 672 (64.36%)were hypertensive, 433 (41.7%) were diabetics, smoker were 574(54.98%). 442(42.33%)patients presented with ST elevation MI. 750 (71.84%) patient had mild Ectasia, 155 (34.87%)were suffering from severe coronary Ectasia. 364 (34.87%) patients had associated obstructivecoronary artery disease. LAD was most commonly involved vessel in 392 (37.50%) followed byright coronary artery in 323 (30.94%). Type I ectasia was documented in 34.92%. Conclusions:In our study prevalence of CAE was 4.7%. CAE was more common in male, hypertensive,smokers and patients with Hyperlipedemia. Most common pattern of CAE was Type I andisolated ectasia without coronary artery obstruction. Left anterior descending artery was themost commonly involved vessel in ectasia followed by RCA.