Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The aim of this retrospective study was to find the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in hypertensive patients with or without diabetes mellitus.
 METHODOLOGY: Data of patients having essential hypertension (n=931) referred to PINUM from April 2017 to December 2018 for stress/rest cardiac MIBI scan was analyzed. This data was divided into two groups. HD group contains data of patients having hypertension with diabetes mellitus (n=456, 48.98% of total population, M:F=245:211). While data of patients having hypertension without diabetes mellitus was placed in H group (n=475, 51.02% of total population, M: F=254:221).
 RESULTS: Prevalence of CAD is higher in HD group than in H group (47.8% vs. 30.1%; p<0.001). CAD is more prevalent in males than females in both groups (53.9 % vs. 40.8% in HD group, and 39.4% vs. 19.5% in H group). This difference in prevalence of CAD in HD and H groups is more marked in females (40.8% vs. 19.5%; p<0.001) than males (53.9 % vs. 39.4%; p=0.001). Prevalence of CAD in patients with typical presentation is not statistically significant in HD and H groups (72.3% vs. 68.4%; p=0.645), while in subjects with atypical presentation prevalence is significantly higher in HD group than H group (40.8% vs. 26.8%; p<0.001).
 CONCLUSION: Prevalence of CAD is higher in the group of patients having essential hypertension with diabetes mellitus than the group of patients having essential hypertension without diabetes mellitus.
Highlights
Cardiac MIBI scan is a widely used technique of nuclear medicine employed to non-invasively assess status of myocardial perfusion
Among the patients who presented with atypical symptoms, distribution in both genders was almost similar in HD group and H group
History of smoking was found in 13.8% of HD group and 21.9% of H group patients, while family history of coronary artery disease (CAD) was observed in 24.3% of HD group and 29.3% of H group subjects (Table-II)
Summary
Cardiac MIBI scan is a widely used technique of nuclear medicine employed to non-invasively assess status of myocardial perfusion It can be used as a gateway for screening patients going to cath-lab for percutaneous transluminal coronary angiography (PTCA). The burden of essential hypertension and diabetes mellitus is increasing day by day due to increasing consumption of a highly refined diet, sedentary lifestyle and multiple other risk factors These in turn lead to a high incidence and prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) all over the world causing substantial morbidity, mortality and economic burden. Cardiac catheterization, which is the gold standard for CAD diagnosis, cannot be frequently The aim of this retrospective study was to find the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in hypertensive patients with or without diabetes mellitus.
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