Corner transfer matrices for 2D strongly coupled many-body Floquet systems

Abstract

We develop, based on Baxter’s corner transfer matrices, a renormalizable numerically exact method for computation of the level density of the quasienergy spectra of two-dimensional (2D) locally interacting many-body Floquet systems. We demonstrate its functionality exemplified by the kicked 2D quantum Ising model. Using the method, we are able to treat systems of arbitrarily large finite size (for example lattices of the order of 108 spins). We clearly demonstrate that the density of the Floquet quasienergy spectrum tends to a flat function in the thermodynamic limit for generic values of model parameters. However, contrary to the prediction of random matrices of the circular orthogonal ensemble, the decay rates of the Fourier coefficients of the Floquet level density exhibit rich and non-trivial dependence on the system’s parameters. Remarkably, we find that the method is renormalizable and gives thermodynamically convergent results only in certain regions of the parameter space where the corner transfer matrices have effectively a finite rank for any system size. In the complementary regions, the corner transfer matrices effectively become of full rank and the method becomes non-renormalizable. This may indicate an interesting phase transition from an area- to volume-law of entanglement in the thermodynamic state of a Floquet system.