Corneal perforation with extrusion of lens in a burn patient

Abstract

The incidence of ophthalmologic injuries has been reported to be between 20 and 25% in all the burn patients. As most of the eye injuries are associated with severe burns, attention is often directed towards the life-threatening events and eye injuries may be overlooked and undertreated. This case report presents a patient who had 40% flame burn and had recently been transferred from another hospital. He was examined by an ophthalmologist at the referring hospital and it was documented that both of his eyes were normal. He was transferred into the Burns Unit at the Prince of Wales Hospital 8 h later. Unfortunately, all the attention was directed to save his life and it was not until post-burn day 11 that he was found to have right corneal ulceration. Despite vigorous ophthalmologic treatment, the cornea perforated 2 days later with subsequent extrusion of the lens. In view of his grave prognosis with multi-organ failure, he was treated conservatively and he died the following day. It is mandatory to refer patients with facial burns to the ophthalmologist for ocular examination. We recommend that serial eye examinations should be carried out in burn patients who are unconscious or intubated for ventilatory support even if the initial ophthalmologic examinations are normal as the potential risk of serious ocular injuries are high in this particular group of patients.