Corneal endothelial cell transplantation using Descemet's membrane as a carrier

Abstract

Rabbit corneal endothelial cells were transplanted into the right eyes of four New Zealand white rabbits using bovine Descemet's membrane as a cell carrier. Descemet's membranes were dissected from cow eyes, flattened on 36 mm culture dishes, and cut into discs with a 6 mm trephine. Rabbit corneal endothelial cells were seeded onto the discs and maintained in tissue culture conditions for seven days until a complete monolayer with a cell density of 3,000 cells/mm2 was formed. Before transplantation, corneal edema was induced in the host animals by an endothelial scrape wound, which removed the corneal endothelium. Five weeks later, the animals were prepared for transplantation. A corneal button was cut and placed on a dissection table so the host Descemet's membrane could be removed. The donor Descemet's membrane with a complete monolayer of rabbit corneal endothelial cells was placed on the stroma of the corneal button. To keep the donor membrane in place, the button was cauterized at three peripheral points and sutured back into the host eye. Prednisolone sodium phosphate eyedrops and dexamethasone eyedrops and ointment were applied twice daily during the postoperative period. All grafts stayed clear for a period of 12 to 17 weeks. This study shows the potential for using Descemet's membrane as a carrier for corneal endothelial cell transplantation.