Corneal endothelial cell protection during phacoemulsification: Low- versus high-molecular-weight sodium hyaluronate

Abstract

Purpose To compare the efficacy of low- and high-molecular-weight sodium hyaluronate in protecting corneal endothelial cells during phacoemulsification. Setting Miyata Eye Hospital, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, Japan. Methods One hundred forty-nine eyes of 136 cataract patients were randomly assigned to have cataract surgery using sodium hyaluronate 1% with a low molecular weight (0.6 to 1.2 million d, Opegan®) or sodium hyaluronate 1% with a high molecular weight (4 million d, Healon®) during phacoemulsification. Each group was divided into 2 subgroups depending on the amount of ultrasound (% min) used during phacoemulsification, which was defined as the mean phacoemulsification energy (%) multiplied by phacoemulsification time (minutes). Corneal endothelial cell density was examined preoperatively and 3 months after surgery. The rate of cell loss was compared between the subgroups in the Opegan group and the Healon group. Results In the subgroups with ultrasound of 50% min or less, the mean rate of endothelial cell loss 3 months after surgery was 3.2% ± 4.1% (SD) in the Opegan group and 5.9% ± 5.3% in the Healon group ( P = .0214). In the subgroups with ultrasound over 50% min, the mean rate of endothelial cell loss 3 months after surgery was 7.5% ± 10.6% in the Opegan group and 14.8 ± 9.0% in the Healon group ( P = .0029). Conclusions The results suggest that Opegan is more effective than Healon in protecting corneal endothelial cells during phacoemulsification regardless of the amount of ultrasound energy used.