Corneal bacterial infections

Abstract

Abstract Purpose To present the main causes of corneal bacterial infections and suggest an appropriate management. Methods Bacterial keratitis is the most common cause of infected corneal ulceration. The epidemiology of corneal bacterial diseases and their risk factors will be studied. The initial presentation is important to determine the potential stain responsible for the infection and to assess the overall severity of the disease. Local and general criteria evaluations are needed to adapt the treatment. Results Specific signs to identify bacteria remain rare but some signs can help to determine the first line treatment. However laboratory methods remain the only way to diagnose a corneal bacterial disease with certainty. However the aspect of the infiltrate, the intraocular involvement and the condition of the patient may influence the outcome. The treatment is based on an initial broad‐spectrum antibacterial therapy with secondary adaptation to the identified bacteria. Conclusion Multiple microorganisms are involved in corneal infections. Local and systemic risk factors have to be identified to treat these diseases in emergency still considered as a leading cause of visual loss.