CORN DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION IN FUNCTION OF SOURCES OF NITROGEN FERTILIZERS AND DOSES

Fernando Castro Oliveira,André Cirilo De Sousa Almeida,Pedro Marques Da Silveira,Paulo César Ribeiro Da Cunha,Lucas Da Silva Araujo,Maurilio De Sousa Netto

doi:10.1590/1983-21252016v29n405rc

Fernando Castro Oliveira, André Cirilo De Sousa Almeida + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252016v29n405rc

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Nitrogen (N) is one of the nutrients that have the most significant effect on corn grain productivity increase. In order to evaluate the effect of sources of N topdressing and doses in the grown corn culture, in a conventional till system, it was installed an experiment in the city of Urutaí, Goiás, in the 2012/13 crop, in clayey textured Red Latosol. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications, with the treatments arranged in a factorial 3 x 5, consisting of three sources (coated urea, urea and ammonium sulfate) and five doses (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg ha-1) of N, topdressing, applied in the surface and in a single dose, when the corn plants were in V4 stage. The hybrid used was the P3646H. We evaluated the following characters: stem diameter, plant height, height of ear insertion, leaf N, number of ears per plant, ear length, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row, 100 grains mass and grain productivity. All characters have a response to nitrogen fertilization and only the height of ear insertion showed no significant difference between sources. The source coated urea showed the best results, indicating that its use may be compensatory, especially in favorable conditions for the NH3 volatilization, as the application of high doses of N in the surface.

Highlights

Among the factors that limit the productivity of corn grain, we can highlight the mishandling of fertilizers, especially nitrogen ones (MEIRA, 2006)
Its disability limits the maximum expression of corn potential, so that the mishandling of nitrogen fertilizer can promote the reduction of crop productivitys because refers to the nutrient required in greater quantity by the culture
The corn plants had a stem diameter (SD) increse of, approximately, 2% when the source used in fertilization was coated urea compared to the average of traditional sources, not different

Summary

Introduction

Among the factors that limit the productivity of corn grain, we can highlight the mishandling of fertilizers, especially nitrogen ones (MEIRA, 2006). Nitrogen (N) is one of the nutrients that have the most significant effect on grain productivity increase (QUEIROZ et al, 2011). In this sense, its disability limits the maximum expression of corn potential, so that the mishandling of nitrogen fertilizer can promote the reduction of crop productivitys because refers to the nutrient required in greater quantity by the culture. N stands out as a nutrient able to define the components of corn grains production and productivity

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