Core–shell structured square mixed-spin 1 and 1/2 Ising nanowire on the Bethe lattice

Abstract

The square Ising nanowire is constructed by adding square nanoparticles consisting of one spin-1 at the center and four spin-1/2 at the corners along a straight line in both directions. Therefore, this system may be taken to be equivalent to Bethe lattice of coordination number two and can be solved in terms of the exact recursion relations. This core–shell structured model is studied by using ferromagnetic exchange interactions between surface spins (Js), between core spins (Jc) and between surface and core spins (Jsc) and crystal field interaction (D) at the sites of spin-1. The phase diagrams of the model are obtained in terms of these parameters by varying the temperature on the possible planes. It is found that the model presents both second- and first-order phase transitions and tricritical points for the appropriate values of these parameters.