Abstract
We have developed a remotely controlled dynamic process of manipulating targeted biological live cells using fabricated core-shell nanocomposites, which comprises of single crystalline ferromagnetic cores (CoFe2O4) coated with crystalline ferroelectric thin film shells (BaTiO3). We demonstrate them as a unique family of inorganic magnetoelectric nanorobots (MENRs), controlled remotely by applied a.c. or d.c. magnetic fields, to perform cell targeting, permeation, and transport. Under a.c. magnetic field excitation (50 Oe, 60 Hz), the MENR acts as a localized electric periodic pulse generator and can permeate a series of misaligned cells, while aligning them to an equipotential mono-array by inducing inter-cellular signaling. Under a.c. magnetic field (40 Oe, 30 Hz) excitation, MENRs can be dynamically driven to a targeted cell, avoiding untargeted cells in the path, irrespective of cell density. D.C. magnetic field (−50 Oe) excitation causes the MENRs to act as thrust generator and exerts motion in a group of cells.
Highlights
Targeted single cell electroporation and cell therapy are two revolutionary techniques in the field of medicinal science
Advances in our understanding of the biophysical molecular mechanisms behind major diseases have led to the development of a wide array of cell-based therapies to deliver a therapeutic agent such as a modified, repopulating stem cell or a protein or virus[7]
Researchers have previously showed that super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION)-loaded human macrophages could be attracted from the circulation into tumours in mice using such an approach[16]
Summary
After spin-coating, the silicon wafers underwent a soft bake process, initially at 65 °C for 2 minutes, followed by 95 °C for 5 minutes. This was followed by exposure to UV light to cause the cross-linking in the photoresist. The silicon wafers were developed by first rinsing them in developer solution for around 1 minute They were washed using isopropyl alcohol and blow dried with Nitrogen. The PDMS-crosslinker mixture is poured on the silicon mold, and degassed again till most of the bubbles are removed (a few small bubbles are acceptable) Both AFM and PFM scanning can be done efficiently
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