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Abstract
Nanostructuring organic polymers and organic/inorganic hybrid materials and controlling blend morphologies at the molecular level are the prerequisites for modern electronic devices including biological sensors, light emitting diodes, memory devices and solar cells. To achieve all-around high performance, multiple organic and inorganic entities, each designed for specific functions, are commonly incorporated into a single device. Accurate arrangement of these components is a crucial goal in order to achieve the overall synergistic effects. We describe here a facile methodology of nanostructuring conjugated polymers and inorganic quantum dots into well-ordered core/shell composite nanofibers through cooperation of several orthogonal non-covalent interactions including conjugated polymer crystallization, block copolymer self-assembly and coordination interactions. Our methods provide precise control on the spatial arrangements among the various building blocks that are otherwise incompatible with one another, and should find applications in modern organic electronic devices such as solar cells.
Highlights
Over the past few decades the application of conjugated polymers in organic optoelectronic devices, including organic photovoltaics (OPVs), organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and organic light emitting devices (OLEDs), has received intense research efforts [1]
Synthetic procedures of the P3HT, functionalized block copolymers (BCPs) and quantum dot (QD) capping ligands are detailed in Scheme 1
Polymerization techniques were employed [46,47,48]. Both monomers M1 and M2 were synthesized according to literature procedures [27] and sequentially polymerized under conventional Grignard metathesis (GRIM)
Summary
Over the past few decades the application of conjugated polymers in organic optoelectronic devices, including organic photovoltaics (OPVs), organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and organic light emitting devices (OLEDs), has received intense research efforts [1]. We have recently developed a facile methodology that precisely nanostructures polythiophene fullerene molecules into well-ordered core/shell composite nanofibers through cooperation of several orthogonal non-covalent interactions including polymer crystallization, BCP self-assembly and complementary hydrogen bonding interactions [27,28,30,31,32] Such composite nanofibers display controllability on BHJ morphologies at both the microscopic and macroscopic scales, and lead to thermally robust devices. Respective electron and hole transport through these QDs is usually problematic due to the commonly present capping ligands and dis-connectivity between discrete QDs and aggregates Most of these hybrid devices are fabricated by blending the organic/inorganic materials, affording little control over the active layer morphology. Self-assembly of BCP3 was achieved using a mixed solvent approach and the attachment of CdSe QDs with different capping ligands to form the core/shell organic/inorganic hybrid NFs through coordination and H-bonding interactions was demonstrated
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