Abstract
The electronic structures of iron oxide and iron disulfide (FeO and $\mathrm{Fe}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}$) have been examined using x-ray emission spectroscopy and other core-level spectroscopies. We compare the excitation spectra for charge neutral excitation (x-ray emission) and ionization (photoelectron spectroscopy) at the $2p$ edge and with final-state $3s$ holes. At the Fe ${L}_{2}$-edge, the branching ratio of $L\ensuremath{\beta}$ to $L\ensuremath{\alpha}$ emission is much higher for high spin FeO than for low spin $\mathrm{Fe}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}$, similar to previous observations of Heusler alloys. We suggest that there is a general trend toward high branching ratios for magnetic $3d$ materials and low branching ratios for nonmagnetic materials. Resonant inelastic x-ray spectra of FeO with $3s$ final-state holes show a smaller exchange splitting than the corresponding x-ray photoemission spectroscopy spectra with $3s$ hole states.
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