Coral reefs next to a major conurbation: a study of temporal change (1985-2011) in coral cover and composition in the reefs of Jakarta, Indonesia

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MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 501:89-98 (2014) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps10678 Coral reefs next to a major conurbation: a study of temporal change (1985-2011) in coral cover and composition in the reefs of Jakarta, Indonesia Daniel F. R. Cleary1, Ana R. M. Polónia1, Willem Renema2, Bert W. Hoeksema2, Jackie Wolstenholme3, Yosephine Tuti4, Nicole J. de Voogd2,* 1Departamento de Biologia, CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal 2Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands 3James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia 4Research Centre for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jalan Pasir Putih I, Ancol Timur, Jakarta 11048, Indonesia *Corresponding author: nicole.devoogd@naturalis.nl ABSTRACT: Coral reefs are diverse, ecologically important and globally threatened ecosystems. Numerous studies have reported on the threats to coral reefs, which include both local perturbations, such as pollution and overfishing, and widespread phenomena, such as bleaching. Here, we report on the history of the Jakarta Bay-Thousand Islands reef system from 1985 to 2011. Over this period, we recorded significant shifts in coral generic composition and an overall decline in coral cover with widely different trajectories between in-, mid- and offshore zones. In 1985, coral cover exhibited a clear on-to-offshore gradient with low coral cover inshore (10%), moderate cover midshore (49%) and high cover offshore (74%). The low coral cover inshore contrasts strongly with reports of high coral cover for inshore reefs in 1929. Inshore, coral cover declined from 10% in 1985 to <5% in 1995. The greatest change in coral cover and composition, however, occurred in offshore reefs, where mean cover declined from 74 to <20% between 1985 and 1995. Acropora species were particularly affected and declined from 36 to just 5% cover offshore. Recovery of coral cover occurred offshore between 1995 and 2005. From 2005 to 2011, however, a less severe loss in coral cover was observed. With the exception of inshore reefs, which appear to be on an ongoing trajectory of decline that started before the 1985 surveys, the reefs of the Jakarta Bay-Thousand Islands system have shown a propensity to recover. KEY WORDS: Coral cover · Disturbance · Java · Life form · Long-term study Full text in pdf format PreviousNextCite this article as: Cleary DFR, Polónia ARM, Renema W, Hoeksema BW, Wolstenholme J, Tuti Y, de Voogd NJ (2014) Coral reefs next to a major conurbation: a study of temporal change (1985-2011) in coral cover and composition in the reefs of Jakarta, Indonesia. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 501:89-98. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps10678 Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 501. Online publication date: March 31, 2014 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; Online ISSN: 1616-1599 Copyright © 2014 Inter-Research.