Abstract
Stainless-steel pickling sludge (SSPS) is a hazardous solid waste, which mainly contains CaSO4, CaF2 and a high level of metals such as Fe, Cr and Ni. The high-content of sulfur in the SSPS hinders its adequate treatment and deteriorates the quality of hot ferronickel when the SSPS was used as a feed to the rotary kiln-electrical furnace process (RKEF). Thus, the desulfurization behaviors of the SSPS, including thermodynamics, phase transformation and off-gas emission characteristics during pre-reduction were primarily investigated in this work. Pre-reduction temperature and carbon content were essential for the desulfurization, and the reduction temperature should be higher than 850°C for sufficient sulfur removal. The presence of laterite ore enhanced the desulfurization of SSPS, and on the other hand, the presence of SSPS facilitated the subsequent reduction smelting. Under optimal conditions, almost all of the sulfur within SSPS could be removed by pre-reduction, and 94.72% Fe, 81.90% Ni and 46.14% Cr were recovered by reduction smelting.
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