Abstract

For stroke survivors and their caregivers, illness uncertainty comprises four interrelated aspects. (1) Unpredictability of illness course; (2) Lack of information; (3) Perceived complexities of information, treatment and the relationship with healthcare system/providers; (4) Ambiguity about the illness state itself. This is derived from Mishel's theory of uncertainly in illness. Uncertainty can produce anxiety and depression, worsen stress, impair coping and contribute to poor health outcomes. Increasing levels of uncertainty in caregivers are associated with older age, spousal relationship with the patient and comorbidities.

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