Abstract

This chapter discusses coping with change. The technical system refers to the technology and technical methods employed in the organization, the practices, procedures, systems, and techniques used to get work done. The formal social system refers to the formal reporting structure of the company as expressed in organizational charts or described by the pattern or shape of the company including the number of levels in the hierarchy, spans of control, range of expertise and roles, and the communication networks employed. Coupled with the idea of differing perceptions is the concept of relative deprivation, where an individual or a group comparisons gives rise to feelings of being deprived not in an absolute sense but in relation to the situation of other groups or individuals. The changes planned within the technical system affected both the formal and informal social system. In the formal social system it was possible to anticipate and plan for the changes required in organization, roles, and expertise to operate the new warehouse setup.

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