Abstract
BACKGROUND: Persons with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) in Tanzanian rural settings face a variety of geographical and socioeconomic challenges that make life almost impossible for them. However, some have managed to live relatively long lives despite these difficult conditions. This study aimed at exploring secrets behind successful lives of persons with TSCI in typical resource-constrained rural Tanzanian settings.METHODS: A modified constructivist grounded theory was employed for the analysis of data from 10 individuals who have lived between 7 and 28 years with TSCI in typical Tanzanian rural area. The 10 were purposively selected from 15 interviews that were conducted in 2011. The analysis followed the constructivist approach in which data was first open and axial coded, prior to categories being constructed. The categories were frequently reviewed in light of the available literature to determine the over-arching core category that described or connected the rest.RESULTS: Nine categories (identified as internal and external coping resources) were constructed. The internal coping resources were: secured in God, increase in awareness on health risk, problem-solving skills and social skills. External coping resources were: having a reliable family, varying support from the community, a matter of possession and left without means for mobility. Acceptance was later identified as a core category that determines identification and utilization of the rest of the coping resources.CONCLUSION: Persons with traumatic spinal cord injury can survive for a relatively long time despite the hostile environment. Coping with these environments requires the employment of various coping resources, acceptance being the most important.
Highlights
Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is an unprepared event that leads to partial or full loss of sensory and/or motor functions, as well as autonomic dysfunction dependent on the affected spinal level (Biering-Sorensen, Bickenbach, El Masry, Officer, & von Groote, 2011)
A modified constructivist grounded theory was employed for the analysis of data from 10 individuals who have lived between 7 and 28 years with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) in typical Tanzanian rural area
Acceptance was later identified as a core category that determines identification and utilization of the rest of the coping resources
Summary
Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is an unprepared event that leads to partial or full loss of sensory and/or motor functions, as well as autonomic dysfunction dependent on the affected spinal level (Biering-Sorensen, Bickenbach, El Masry, Officer, & von Groote, 2011). Immobility and future consequences such as recurrent SCI-related health complications, inability to pursue education and career, and failure to participate in the community leads to a sequence of biopsychosocial and economic struggles throughout life (Biering-Sorensen et al, 2011; DeRoon-Cassini, de St Aubin, Valvano, Hastings, & Brasel, 2013; Franzblau & Chung, 2015). While in this state, individuals with SCI require healthcare and rehabilitation services to sustain their health and minimize risk for ill- health and death (Middleton et al, 2012; Oderud, 2014). This study aimed at exploring secrets behind successful lives of persons with TSCI in typical resource-constrained rural Tanzanian settings
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