Abstract
To evaluate the effects of copaiba oil on jaw defects repair in Wistar rats treated with bioglass or adipose tissue. A jaw defect was randomly created in forty-two rats and filled with bioglass or adipose tissue. The two groups (Gbio and Gcell) were subdivided in three subgroups with seven animals each according to gavage administration: control (distillated water), oil (copaiba oil) and melox (meloxicam). Euthanasia was performed after forty post-operative days. The bone formation was analyzed regarding the histological aspects. The osteoclasts activity was observed only in four subgroups (p=0.78). Regarding the osteoblasts presence, it was very similar between the subgroups, the difference was due to Gcell-melox (p=0.009) that presented less osteoblastic activity. The inflammatory cells were more evident in Gcell-melox subgroup, however, there was no difference in comparison with the other subgroups (p=0.52). Bone formation was observed in all subgroups, just two animals showed no bone formation even after 40 days. More than 50% of bone matrix mineralization was observed in 56% (23 animals) of the analyzed areas. The bone matrix mineralization was not different between subgroups (p=0.60). The subgroups that received copaiba oil showed bone repair, although not statistically significant in comparison to subgroups treated with meloxicam or controls. Copaiba oil administered by gavage had no effect on bone repair in this experimental model.
Highlights
Bone substitutes are frequently used in dentistry to augment bone tissue or to fill bone defects
Various types of hydroxyapatite, deproteinized bovine bone matrix and synthetic glasses have been largely tested on bone tissue engineering[1]
The results from the present study showed that rat jaw grafted with two different biomaterials, obtained, in the 40-day postoperative period, a larger extent of bone matrix deposition, indicating that the groups had similar amounts of mineral deposition in this period of the repair
Summary
Bone substitutes are frequently used in dentistry to augment bone tissue or to fill bone defects. Bioglass is a bioactive particulate material made of granules consisting of silicon, sodium, calcium and phosphorus, able to bond to bone and connective tissue It may allow for more rapid repair and regeneration of bone than other synthetic grafting materials by forming a layer of hydroxyl-carbonate apatite on its surface equivalent to the mineral phase of human bone. It has been used in a few experimental and clinical studies to treat different types of bone defect and it was claimed that bioglass promoted bone formation[1,3]
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