Coordination defects in bismuth-modified arsenic selenide glasses: High-resolution x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements

Abstract

The possibility of coordination defects formation in Bi-modified chalcogenide glasses is examined by high-resolution x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results provide evidence for the formation of positively charged fourfold coordinated defects on As and Bi sites in glasses with low Bi concentration. At high Bi concentration, mixed ${\mathrm{As}}_{2}{\mathrm{Se}}_{3}\text{\ensuremath{-}}{\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}{\mathrm{Se}}_{3}$ nanocrystallites are formed in the investigated Se-rich As-Se glasses.