Coordination Between ROS Regulatory Systems and Other Pathways Under Heat Stress and Pathogen Attack.

Nobuhiro Suzuki,Kazuma Katano

doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.00490

Abstract

Regulatory systems of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to be integrated with other pathways involving Ca2+ signaling, protein kinases, hormones and programmed cell death (PCD) pathways to regulate defense mechanisms in plants. Coordination between ROS regulatory systems and other pathways needs to be flexibly modulated to finely tune the mechanisms underlying responses of different types of tissues to heat stress, biotic stresses and their combinations during different growth stages. Especially, modulation of the delicate balance between ROS-scavenging and producing systems in reproductive tissues could be essential, because ROS-dependent PCD is required for the proper fertilization, despite the necessity of ROS scavenging to prevent the damage on cells under heat stress and biotic stresses. In this review, we will update the recent findings associated with coordination between multiple pathways under heat stress, pathogen attack and their combinations. In addition, possible integrations between different signals function in different tissues via ROS-dependent long-distance signals will be proposed.

Highlights

Plants are exposed to multiple abiotic and biotic stresses that may simultaneously occur in the natural environments
A previous study demonstrated that sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase (SnRK1), a regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling (Tsai and Gazzarrini, 2014; Zhang and Sonnewald, 2017) was shown to be required for sugar sensing (Li and Sheen, 2016) and communication between sink and source under various abiotic stresses (Lin et al, 2014). Taken together these findings suggest that reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulatory systems and other pathways such as programmed cell death (PCD) pathways, Ca2+ signaling and hormone signaling needs to be strictly coordinated in plants depending on the different growth stages and tissues to finely tune the mechanisms underlying proper development, and responses to heat stress and pathogen attack
Based on the previous findings, we propose that coordination between ROS regulatory systems and other pathways such as Ca2+ signaling and hormone signaling should be finely tuned in plants under heat stress, pathogen attack and their combination

Summary

Coordination Between ROS Regulatory Systems and Other

Pathways Under Heat Stress and Pathogen Attack. Regulatory systems of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to be integrated with other pathways involving Ca2+ signaling, protein kinases, hormones and programmed cell death (PCD) pathways to regulate defense mechanisms in plants. Coordination between ROS regulatory systems and other pathways needs to be flexibly modulated to finely tune the mechanisms underlying responses of different types of tissues to heat stress, biotic stresses and their combinations during different growth stages. Modulation of the delicate balance between ROS-scavenging and producing systems in reproductive tissues could be essential, because ROS-dependent PCD is required for the proper fertilization, despite the necessity of ROS scavenging to prevent the damage on cells under heat stress and biotic stresses. We will update the recent findings associated with coordination between multiple pathways under heat stress, pathogen attack and their combinations.

INTRODUCTION

POSSIBLE LINKS BETWEEN SIGNALS ACTIVATED IN DIFFERENT TISSUES

CONCLUSION