Abstract
Energy storage systems (ESSs) bring various opportunities for a more reliable and flexible operation of microgrids (MGs). Among them, energy arbitrage and ancillary services are the most investigated application of ESSs. Furthermore, it has been shown that some other services could also be provided by ESSs such as power quality (PQ) improvements. This issue could be more challenging in MGs with widespread nonlinear loads injecting harmonic currents to the MG. In this paper, the feasibility of ESSs to act as coordinated active harmonic filters (AHF) for distributed compensation was investigated. An optimization model was proposed for the coordination of the harmonic compensation activities of ESSs. The model takes into account the various technical and systematic constraints to economically determine the required reference currents of various AHFs. Simulation cases showed the performance of the proposed model for enhancing the harmonic filtering capability of the MG, reduction in the compensation cost, and more flexibility of the distributed harmonic compensation schemes. It was also shown that ESS activities in harmonic compensation do not have much of an effect on the ESSs revenue from energy arbitrage. Hence, it could make ESSs more justifiable for use in MGs.
Highlights
Energy storage systems (ESSs) have received special attention due to their great flexibility and applicability in power systems
An investigation was made in [13] into the power quality (PQ) of wind turbines with and without ESSs and the results showed the positive effects of ESSs as a solution for the mitigation of wind turbine harmonics
The common procedure for this was to modify the control methods of the power electronic (PE) converters of ESSs to enable them for the injection of compensation currents
Summary
Energy storage systems (ESSs) have received special attention due to their great flexibility and applicability in power systems. They could provide some advantages such as providing ancillary services and deferring investment costs in various sections of the power and distribution systems (DSs) [1,2,3,4] All of these applications are related to the supply and security aspects of the energy. An optimization-based model was proposed for achieving a coordinated operation of AHFs. In this paper, an optimization-based model was proposed for achieving a coordinated operation of AHFs In this approach, the MG operator tries to minimize the harmonic compensation cost with respect to the network constraints, working limits of AHFs, ESS activities in energy and ancillary markets, and harmonic standards. The coordinated control of ESSs was implemented in this paper in order to show the capability of ESSs for distributed harmonic compensation To this end, a new optimization model named as ESS-AHF was proposed for the calculation of the harmonic compensation sharing of each ESS.
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