Abstract
The headway-based control method is usually used to regulate the bus headways and improve reliability of public transit. In general, the holding control strategy is applied at the control point, because enough space for dwell longer at the control point is required, while the stop-skipping control strategy can be used at any bus stop. However, in the headway-based control method, too much stop-skipping will bring longer waiting time and make the passengers impatient. The number and distribution of control points for stop-skipping are not considered in previous self-equalizing bus headway control works. Therefore, in this paper, the control points selection rules for stop-skipping involving their number and distribution on the bus route are discussed. A second by second discrete system is formulated to describe the bus operation. In the proposed control method, the threshold value for activating stop-skipping strategy is raised, avoiding provoking much additional waiting time because of boarding rejected. In the numerical analysis, a set of cases are conducted to evaluate the performance of control method under different number and distribution of control points for stop-skipping. The numerical results show that distribution of control points for stop-skipping has a greater influence on the public transit than the number.
Highlights
Bus bunching is a phenomenon when two or more buses encounter the same bus stop on a bus line, and it commonly appears in an unstable high-frequency bus line system
If a bus running on a bus route is delayed by an incidental disturbance, this bus should pick up more passengers than expected at the downstream bus stop. erefore, the bus should dwell longer than expected and further gets delayed because of more boarding passengers at the bus stop
The coordinated bus headway control method is designed based on the adaptive self-equalized concept
Summary
Bus bunching is a phenomenon when two or more buses encounter the same bus stop on a bus line, and it commonly appears in an unstable high-frequency bus line system. To integrate the advantages of the “two-way-looking control” and the “selfadaptive equalizing bus headway,” Liang et al [17] proposed a self-equalizing control strategy based on the two-waylooking control method (the headways between the bus at the control point and both its leading and following buses) with zero slack. Zhang and Lo [18] proposed two-waylooking self-equalizing headway control that considered multifarious variables, enriching the headway-based bus holding control method system. Erefore, other control means at the control point can be integrated with bus holding to enhance the performance of control method based on the selfadaptive equalizing bus headway control concept. Erefore, in this paper, the integrated control method involving bus holding and stopskipping control means is proposed based on the selfequalizing bus headway control concept. A set of numerical tests are conducted in Section 5, using the proposed coordinated control method under different number and distribution of control points for stopskipping
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