Abstract
This paper proposes a method for the coordinated control of a wind turbine and an energy storage system (ESS). Because wind power (WP) is highly dependent on wind speed, which is variable, severe stability problems can be caused in power systems, especially when the WP has a high penetration level. To solve this problem, many power generation corporations or grid operators have begun using ESSs. An ESS has very quick response and good performance for reducing the impact of WP fluctuation; however, its installation cost is high. Therefore, it is important to design the control algorithm by considering both the ESS capacity and WP fluctuation. Thus, we propose a control algorithm to mitigate the WP fluctuation by using the coordinated control between the wind turbine and the ESS by considering the ESS capacity and the WP fluctuation. Using de-loaded control, according to the WP fluctuation and ESS capacity, we can expand the ESS lifespan and improve grid reliability by avoiding the extreme value of state of charge (SoC) (i.e., 0 or 1 pu). The effectiveness of the proposed method was validated via MATLAB/Simulink by considering a small power system that includes both a wind turbine generator and conventional generators that react to system frequency deviation. We found that the proposed method has better performance in SoC management, thereby improving the frequency regulation by mitigating the impact of the WP fluctuation on the small power system.
Highlights
Wind power (WP) is incorporated in power system, and its proportion among the total power production continues to grow
A small power system was investigated using the governors and automatic generation control (AGC) to evaluate the impact of wind power (WP) fluctuation on the power system frequency
We considered the specific cases when the WP fluctuation suddenly increased from 0.1 to 0.5 with different average wind speeds (i.e., 10, 13 m/s)
Summary
Wind power (WP) is incorporated in power system, and its proportion among the total power production continues to grow. The other method [18] consider the SoC management and introduced a method that divides the different control region for the ESS In this method, ESS takes all the responsibility for mitigating WP fluctuation, without any action from a WT, which can result in the capacity-related problems of the ESS and reduce its lifespan. Another method that uses a dual-layer control scheme was introduced for reducing the WP fluctuation and managing the SoC of the ESS [19] This method fully depends on the ESS behavior for mitigating wind power fluctuation. The reliability of the power system can be improved and the ESS can be used more effectively by changing the power production level to a slightly lower point for the de-loaded operation. In terms of mitigation of a WP fluctuation, we propose the lower rotor speed de-loaded operation and illustrated the reasons and the results obtained from the method
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