Abstract
The fluctuations of wind power impact the stable operation of a power system as its penetration grows high. Energy storage may be a potential solution to suppress these fluctuations and has drawn much attention in recent years. As the time scale of wind power fluctuations is in a range of seconds to hours, multi-type energy storage with complementary characteristics, such as the combination of energy-type storage devices (ESD) and power-type storage device (PSD), may be technically and economically feasible to suppress multi-time-scale wind power fluctuations. Therefore, system control is very important when the power allocation among each of the energy storage units is considered. In this paper, a novel coordinated control strategy based on model predictive control (MPC) was proposed for wind power fluctuation suppression, which employs MPC for the total power required for the whole energy storage system and then allocates it between ESD and PSD with the low-pass filter algorithm (LFA) method. Due to the predictive feature of MPC, the power requirement of the energy storage system can be obtained with little time delay, which means less energy is needed. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy was verified in a time-domain simulation system. The influence of wind speed conditions and LFA time constant on the wind/storage system were further discussed.
Highlights
The rapid development of wind generation around the world will replace part of conventional generating units in the power system
A model predictive control (MPC)-based coordinated control method is proposed for the operation of multi-type energy storage, in which MPC is adopted to determine the total power needed of the energy storage system, and low-pass filter algorithm (LFA) is used for the power distribution between the power-type storage device (PSD) and energy-type storage devices (ESD) units
Wind power data is imported from database; Persistence model is established to get wind power at time k + Hp based on wind power at time k; If the wind power data length is greater than Hp, state space model (SSM) can be established; Otherwise, go back to step 1; Constraint matrix is established on the basis of the fluctuation rate; The total energy storage power is obtained by using the QP Toolbox to solve the quadratic programming equation; PPSD (PSD power) and PESD (ESD power) are allocated with LFA
Summary
The rapid development of wind generation around the world will replace part of conventional generating units in the power system. In [12,13], a LFA with fixed time constant was adopted to decompose the wind power fluctuations into high frequency part and low frequency part, which were assigned to PSD and ESD, respectively. A MPC-based coordinated control method is proposed for the operation of multi-type energy storage, in which MPC is adopted to determine the total power needed of the energy storage system, and LFA is used for the power distribution between the PSD and ESD units. Description time constant cannot be adjusted; easy to cause wind power to be overly mitigated, increase energy storage cost; control delay control delay, not good for on-line control its difficulty lies in the selection of easy to implement frequency energy storage system for wind farm.
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