Abstract
This paper defines mass, momentum, and energy densities for a perfect fluid, and derives a coordinate-dependent 3+1 decomposition of the equation of motion in terms of a scalar potentialψ ≡ c2 [(−gg44) 1/2 −1] and a vector potentialAi ≡cg4i/(−g44)1/2. The momentum equation has the form of the Euler equation except there is an additional force proportional to the vector potential and the rate of change of kinetic energy per unit volume. The momentum and energy equations are integrated to obtain the equations previously derived for a particle. The momentum equation is solved for the total acceleration of a fluid element. The equations are exact and do not depend on the choice of coordinate system.
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