Cooperative Synthetic Inertia Control for Wind Farms Considering Frequency Regulation Capability

Qiaoming Shi,Lei Liu,Hongqing Liu,Yongping Wang,Qingwu Zhang,Yu Lu,Qiang Zou

doi:10.3389/fenrg.2021.738857

Abstract

To fully utilize the frequency regulation (FR) capability of wind turbines (WTs) and to avoid a secondary frequency drop caused by the rotor speed recovery, this paper firstly proposes an FR capability evaluation method for wind farms based on the principle of equal rotational kinetic energy of WTs, and analyses the essence of cooperative rotor speed recovery for WTs. Based on these, a cooperative synthetic inertia control (CSIC) for wind farms considering FR capability is proposed. By introducing the cooperative coefficient, the CSIC can fully utilize the FR capability of WTs, maintain the fast response of WTs with synthetic inertia control, and reduce communication requirements for the wind farm control center. By directly compensating the auxiliary FR power of WTs, the CSIC realizes the cooperative rotor speed recovery for WTs between different wind farms, avoiding a secondary frequency drop and a complex schedule of rotor speed recovery for multiple WTs. Finally, the simulation results verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed control.

Highlights

As a clean and efficient renewable energy, wind power has been widely used around the world and its penetration rate has been increasing (Lugovoy et al, 2021; Li et al, 2019; Zhang et al, 2021; Xiong et al, 2020)
To ensure frequency stability of power system, many countries and regions issue guidelines or regulations for wind power auxiliary service, requiring wind farms to participate in frequency regulation (FR) as conventional power plants during transient events
This paper firstly studies the FR capability evaluation method for single and multiple wind farms, analyzes the essence of cooperative synthetic inertia control (CSIC) and the rotor speed recovery

Summary

INTRODUCTION

As a clean and efficient renewable energy, wind power has been widely used around the world and its penetration rate has been increasing (Lugovoy et al, 2021; Li et al, 2019; Zhang et al, 2021; Xiong et al, 2020). For the realization of CIVC considering FR capability, except the D-PMSG’s inherent parameters Pwn and Hw, the superior dispatching center only sends the droop control coefficient Rvir, the equivalent inertia constant Hfarm or Hfarms, the synthetic inertia coefficient c, and the start time tREC, on and the duration TREC of the rotor speed recovery control. For the D-PMSG controlled by two SIC modes (PDSIC and CSIC), the output power and rotor speed characteristics of D-PMSGs operating at different wind speeds in wind farm #1 are shown in Figure and Figure respectively.

CONCLUSION

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT