Abstract
This paper proposes an algorithm for the cooperative operation of air conditioning facilities and the energy storage system (ESS) in railway stations to minimize electricity. Unlike traditional load patterns, load patterns of an urban railway station can peak where energy charge rates are not high. Due to this possibility, if applying the traditional peak-reduction algorithm to railway loads, energy changes can increase, resulting in higher electricity bills. Therefore, it is required to develop a new method for minimizing the sum of capacity charges and energy charges, which is a non-linear problem. To get a feasible solution for this problem, we suggest an algorithm that optimizes the facility operation through two optimizations (primary and secondary). This method is applied to the air-quality change model for operating air conditioning facilities as demand-response (DR) resources in railway stations. This algorithm makes it possible to estimate operable DR capacity every hour, rather than calculating the capacity of DR resources conservatively in advance. Finally, we perform a simulation for the application of the proposed method to the operation of DR resources and ESS together. The simulation shows that electricity bills become lowered, and the number of charging and discharging processes of ESS is also reduced.
Highlights
As introducing the concept of the demand response (DR), the behavior of electricity consumers has changed from naively saving electricity to reduce electricity bills, to setting up a cost-saving strategy based on the price of electricity [1,2,3,4].The basic strategy of DR is to reduce electricity bills by regulating the usage of electricity; i.e., one can reduce power consumption when the electricity price is high, and supplement it later when the price becomes lower
This paper proposes a method for minimizing electricity bills as well as maintaining customer satisfaction with a cooperative operation between DR resources and energy storage system (ESS) in railway stations
Air-conditioning and ventilation facilities are considered as DR resources in railway stations
Summary
As introducing the concept of the demand response (DR), the behavior of electricity consumers has changed from naively saving electricity to reduce electricity bills, to setting up a cost-saving strategy based on the price of electricity [1,2,3,4]. This paper proposes a method for minimizing electricity bills as well as maintaining customer satisfaction with a cooperative operation between DR resources and ESS in railway stations. It is difficult to estimate the DR capacity, compared to the pre-calculation method It is because a large amount of data is required to be analyzed in order to fully understand the relation between power consumption and user utility. Based on the regression result, we propose a method to minimize electricity bills for operating railway stations with the cooperative operation between DR resources and ESS With this method, we expect to suppress possible customer complaints caused by excessive DR usage and to extend the life of ESS, implying a feasible solution for managing railway loads effectively and efficiently.
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