Abstract
The emerging connected and automated vehicle (CAV) has the potential to improve traffic efficiency and safety. With the cooperation between vehicles and intersection, CAVs can adjust speed and form platoons to pass the intersection faster. However, perceptual errors may occur due to external conditions of vehicle sensors. Meanwhile, CAVs and conventional vehicles will coexist in the near future and imprecise perception needs to be tolerated in exchange for mobility. In this paper, we present a simulation model to capture the effect of vehicle perceptual error and time headway to the traffic performance at cooperative intersection, where the intelligent driver model (IDM) is extended by the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process to describe the perceptual error dynamically. Then, we introduce the longitudinal control model to determine vehicle dynamics and role switching to form platoons and reduce frequent deceleration. Furthermore, to realize accurate perception and improve safety, we propose a data fusion scheme in which the Differential Global Positioning system (DGPS) data interpolates sensor data by the Kalman filter. Finally, a comprehensive study is presented on how the perceptual error and time headway affect crash, energy consumption as well as congestion at cooperative intersections in partially connected and automated traffic. The simulation results show the trade-off between the traffic efficiency and safety for which the number of accidents is reduced with larger vehicle intervals, but excessive time headway may result in low traffic efficiency and energy conversion. In addition, compared with an on-board sensor independently perception scheme, our proposed data fusion scheme improves the overall traffic flow, congestion time, and passenger comfort as well as energy efficiency under various CAV penetration rates.
Highlights
The increasing vehicle volume has profoundly affected our social life in terms of mobility, safety, and environmental pollution
We introduce a simulation model to study the effect of vehicle perceptual error and time headway at cooperative signalized intersection, where the OU random process is used to extend the intelligent driver model (IDM) model and describe perceptual error, which can lead to accidents due to inaccuracy perception data and make the car follow model more realistic
We introduced a simulation model to study the effect of perceptual error and time headway on traffic performance in terms of safety, efficiency, and passenger comfort as well as energy conversion at cooperative intersection
Summary
The increasing vehicle volume has profoundly affected our social life in terms of mobility, safety, and environmental pollution. The effect of vehicle perception error under multiple intersections was studied in [27], and the model captures the real world trade-off between safety and efficiency for potential future traffic systems. We introduce a simulation model to study the effect of vehicle perceptual error and time headway at cooperative signalized intersection, where the OU random process is used to extend the IDM model and describe perceptual error, which can lead to accidents due to inaccuracy perception data and make the car follow model more realistic. The trade-off between the traffic efficiency and safety at intersection is found that lower time headway and serious perceptual error will lead to congestion and traffic accidents due to the inaccurate speed control and strong speed fluctuation.
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