Abstract
Inherent interfering signals generated by the underlying elements found in power substations have been known to span over consecutive noise samples, resulting in bursty interfering noise samples. In the impulsive noise environments, we elaborate a space-sensitive technique using multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), which is particularly well suited in these usually very difficult situations. We assume the availability of channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter to achieve typical MIMO system gains in ad hoc mode. In this paper, we show that more than 10 dB gains are obtained with the most efficient system that we propose for achieving smart grid application requirements. On the one hand, the results obviously illustrate that the max-dmin precoder associated with the rank metric coding scheme is especially adapted to minimize the bit error rate (BER) when a maximum likelihood (ML) receiver is employed. On the other hand, it is shown that a novel node selection technique can reduce the required nodes transmission energies.
Highlights
Modernization of power grids is underway in many countries around the world
In a previous study [11], we proposed a coded-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system based on rank metric code (RC) and convolutional code (CC)
Based on the benefits of these techniques, we have proposed a reliable and efficient communication system by combining a concatenated RC with CC scheme and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) using max − dmin precoder
Summary
Modernization of power grids is underway in many countries around the world. Induced by important factors such as national security, economic development, the environment, and the integration of renewable energies, the provinces, states, and countries are prioritizing technological innovations to be deployed to make the electricity network smarter: Smart Grid (SG). Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have been identified as an encouraging technology to perform energy-efficient, seamless, reliable, remote monitoring, and low-cost control in SG applications [1] Despite these benefits, WSN are facing some challenges including the dynamic topology, the unpredictable communication channel, and the limited power sources of nodes. The objective of this paper is to provide a reliable and efficient communication system by combining the rank metric scheme and MIMO using a max − dmin precoder and reduce the energy transmission with an efficient node selection technique in an impulsive noise environment. (ii) The proposition of a novel study case which takes into consideration the joint solution using an outer forward error correction (FEC) based on rank metric applied to the max − dmin MIMO precoder assuming maximum likelihood (ML) detection at the receiver.
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