Abstract
Distributed appliances connected to the Internet have provided various multimedia services. In particular, networked Personal Video Recorders (PVRs) can store broadcast TV programs in their storage devices or receive them from central servers, enabling people to watch the programs they want at any desired time. However, the conventional CDNs capable of supporting a large number of concurrent users have limitations in scalability because more servers are required in proportion to the increased users. To address this problem, we have developed a time-shifted live streaming system over P2P networks so that PVRs can share TV programs with each other. We propose cooperative buffering schemes to provide the streaming services for time-shifted periods even when the number of PVRs playing back at the periods is not sufficient; we do so by utilizing the idle resources of the PVRs playing at the live broadcast time. To determine which chunks to be buffered, they consider the degree of deficiency and proximity and the ratio of playback requests to chunk copies. Through extensive simulations, we show that our proposed buffering schemes can significantly extend the time-shifting hours and compare the performance of two buffering schemes in terms of playback continuity and startup delay.
Highlights
IntroductionPublisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
We show that our proposed buffering schemes can significantly extend the time-shifting hours compared with when Personal Video Recorders (PVRs) buffer the broadcast programs independently of each other
We proposed a time-shifted live streaming system based on P2P technologies that are highly scalable at a low cost so that PVRs can share TV programs with each other
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. By utilizing the existing resources efficiently without investing more in expanding service capacity of the system, our proposed schemes can further improve the performance of time-shifted live streaming system They can adaptively adjust their computation loads depending on request arrival rates and computation capacity of tracker servers. They can be leveraged to alleviate the resource consumption on CDNs when employing both P2P networks and CDNs. Through extensive simulations, we show that our proposed buffering schemes can significantly extend the time-shifting hours compared with when PVRs buffer the broadcast programs independently of each other.
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